Head lice

• Intense itching of the scalp, neck, and ears
• Feeling of something crawling on the scalp
• Small red bumps or sores on the scalp from scratching
• Visible lice on the scalp or hair (though they are often hard to spot)
• Visible nits (lice eggs) attached to hair shafts close to the scalp
• Difficulty sleeping due to itching

Head lice are caused by a parasitic insect called Pediculus humanus capitis. They are spread primarily through direct head-to-head contact with an infested person.

Head lice infestations affect an estimated 6-12 million U.S. children ages 3-11 annually, according to the CDC. Prevalence is highest among elementary school-aged children, regardless of socioeconomic status. Head lice are spread through direct head-to-head contact and shared personal items.

Treatment involves using over-the-counter or prescription medicated shampoos, lotions, or rinses specifically designed to kill lice and nits. Carefully follow the product instructions, and a second treatment 7-10 days later is often recommended to kill any newly hatched lice. Fine-toothed nit combs are also essential for removing nits from the hair.

To prevent the spread of head lice, teach children to avoid head-to-head contact during play and other activities. Discourage sharing personal items like hats, combs, brushes, hair accessories, and headphones. Regularly check your child's hair, especially behind the ears and at the nape of the neck, if there's an outbreak at school or among friends.

Track Head lice and other illnesses at your child's school in real time.